The Relationship between Acculturation and Experimental Pain Sensitivity in Asian Americans with Knee Osteoarthritis

Table 1

Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants.

Characteristics	Total
Age (year), mean (SD)	55.66 (7.81)
BMI, (kg/m^2), mean (SD)	24.18 (3.03)
Gender, (%)
Male	19 (38)
Female	31 (62)
Original country, (%)
Korea	28 (56)
China	9 (18)
Japan	7 (14)
Filipino	5 (10)
India	1 (2)
Length of stay at the USA (year), mean (SD)	21.38 (15.15)
Education, (%)
Less than high school	1 (2)
High school	7 (14)
Some college	8 (16)
Bachelor’s degree	14 (28)
Graduate degree	20 (40)
Heat pain tolerance (°C), mean (SD)^†	41.84 (3.92)
Pressure pain threshold (kPa), mean (SD)^†	181. 23 (85.01)
Punctate pain, mean (SD)^†	40.43 (23.69)
SL-AISA, mean (SD)	2.18 (0.55)

Note. BMI, body mass index. Data are presented as mean (standard deviation) or number (percentage). Measured on the SL-ASIA, total scores range from 1 to 5, with higher scores indicating more acculturation to American culture. ^†Overall average score.