Research Article

Effects of Mild and Severe Knee Joint Pain on Various Activities of Daily Living in the Female Elderly

Table 2

ADL test.

ADL domain ADL itemsADL answered numberMovements

Locomotion(1) How long can you walk without taking a rest?(1) About 5–10 minutes(1) Walk for approximately 5–10 min without taking rest
(2) About 20–40 minutes(2) Walk for approximately 20–40 min without taking rest
(3) Over an hour(3) Walk for over an hour without taking rest
Locomotion(2) How long can you run without taking a rest?(1) Impossible(4) Cannot run without taking rest
(2) About 3–5 minutes(5) Run for approximately 3–5 min without taking rest
(3) Over 10 minutes(6) Run for >10 min without taking rest
Locomotion(3) How wide a gutter can you jump over?(1) Impossible(7) Cannot jump across a ditch
(2) About 30 cm(8) Jump across a ditch of approximately 30 cm
(3) About 50 cm(9) Jump across a ditch of approximately 50 cm
Locomotion(4) How do you go up the stairs?(1) Need banister(10) Ascend stairs using the banister
(2) Slowly (no use banister)(11) Ascend stairs without using the banister (slowly)
(3) Fleetly (no use banister)(12) Ascend stairs without using the banister (fleetly)
Posture change(5) How do you stand up from a Japanese style sitting posture, that is, Seiza?(1) Impossible(13) Cannot stand up from a Japanese style sitting posture
(2) Use hands(14) Stand up from a Japanese style sitting posture using hands
(3) Stand without use of hands(15) Stand up from a Japanese style sitting posture without using hands
Stability(6) How many seconds can you stand on one leg with eyes open?(1) Impossible(16) Cannot stand on one leg with eyes open
(2) About 10–20 seconds(17) Stand on one leg with eyes open for approximately 10–20 seconds
(3) Over 30 seconds(18) Stand on one leg with eyes open for >30 s
Stability(7) Can you remain standing on a bus or train?(1) Impossible(19) Cannot stand within a bus or train
(2) Using the handhold(20) Standing within a bus or train using the handhold
(3) Without using the handhold (except departing and stopping)(21) Standing within a bus or train without using the handhold (except departing and stopping)
Stability(8) Can you put on trousers or a skirt while standing?(1) Sitting only(22) Cannot put on trousers or a skirt while standing
(2) Use the handhold(23) Put on trousers or a skirt while standing using a handhold
(3) Without use the handhold(24) Put on trousers or a skirt while standing without using a handhold
Manipulation(9) Can you do or undo the front buttons of a shirt?(1) Both hands (slowly)(25) Do or undo the front buttons of a shirt using both hands (slowly)
(2) Both hands (freely)(26) Do or undo the front buttons of a shirt using both hands (fleetly)
(3) One hand(27) Do or undo the front buttons of a shirt using one hand
Manipulation(10) Can you roll up and put away the bedding?(1) Impossible(28) Cannot roll up and put away the bedding
(2) Lightweight only(29) Roll up and put away lightweight bedding
(3) Heavy weight(30) Roll up and put away heavy weight bedding
Locomotion(11) What weight of baggage can you carry 10 m?(1) Impossible(31) Cannot carry baggage
(2) About 5 kg(32) Can carry baggage of approximately 5 kg for 10 m
(3) About 10 kg(33) Can carry baggage of approximately 10 kg for 10 m
Posture change (12) Can you raise your upper body without using your hands when lying down and facing up? (1) Impossible(34) Cannot raise upper body
(2) About 1-2 times(35) Raise the upper body approximately 1-2 times without using hands
when lying down and facing up
(3) About 3-4 times(36) Raise the upper body approximately 3-4 times without using hands
when lying down and facing up