Clinical Study

Comparison of Postoperative Analgesic Effect of Intrathecal Clonidine and Fentanyl Added to Bupivacaine in Patients Undergoing Cesarean Section: A Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Study

Table 3

Hemodynamic variables in the three groups.

GroupsGroup C ( )Group P ( )Group F ( )

MAP 5 min before SA97.23 ± 7.6294.76 ± 8.8295.05 ± 5.36NS
MAP 2 min after SA73.25 ± 17.4685.78 ± 11.1374.76 ± 15.950.003
MAP 4 min after SA69.54 ± 15.3979.57 ± 11.6974.93 ± 13.710.021
MAP 6 min after SA89.84 ± 34.8273.98 ± 13.3982.12 ± 12.610.030
MAP 8 min after SA91.72 ± 20.1979.08 ± 13.0087.54 ± 10.570.006
MAP 10 min after SA92.96 ± 16.7075.63 ± 12.5589.11 ± 7.93<0.001
MAP 15 min after SA92.52 ± 17.2278.92 ± 11.9592.66 ± 9.090.001
MAP 20 min after SA87.20 ± 15.8178.14 ± 8.94107.70 ± 76.690.041
MAP 25 min after SA83.64 ± 17.5575.21 ± 9.3186.38 ± 4.660.001
MAP 30 min after SA78.43 ± 13.3466.58 ± 8.8789.73 ± 5.56<0.001
HR 5 min before SA99.40 ± 11.8897.90 ± 15.4098.73 ± 13.61NS
HR 2 min after SA96.46 ± 16.05101.20 ± 19.13101.73 ± 16.15NS
HR 4 min after SA89.13 ± 13.6296.46 ± 17.3897.26 ± 15.03NS
HR 6 min after SA87.50 ± 13.4397.16 ± 19.6198.90 ± 17.580.024
HR 8 min after SA84.40 ± 10.8795.06 ± 20.1492.73 ± 17.360.037
HR 10 min after SA87.36 ± 13.2996.23 ± 22.7691.70 ± 13.68NS
HR 15 min after SA83.46 ± 10.48101.76 ± 17.8289.13 ± 14.32<0.001
HR 20 min after SA85.56 ± 12.38102.26 ± 20.3788.26 ± 14.49<0.001
HR 25 min after SA88.73 ± 11.4699.50 ± 18.0490.86 ± 12.33 0.011
HR 30 min after SA86.76 ± 9.2097.83 ± 17.0789.50 ± 11.360.004

Data are presented as mean ± SD. C: clonidine, F: fentanyl, P: placebo, MAP: mean arterial blood pressure (mm Hg), HR: heart rate (bpm), SA: spinal anesthesia, and NS: nonsignificant.