Associations between Wage System and Risk Factors for Musculoskeletal Disorders among Construction Workers
Table 1
Background information.
Total data
Hourly/monthly paid
Individual performance based wages
Group performance based wages
Number of participants
456
273
72
111
Profession ()
Bricklayer’s labourers
23
11
5
7
Bricklayer
81
38
11
22
Concrete workers
136
85
17
34
Scaffolders
57
24
14
19
Carpenters
143
95
23
25
Age (mean years (SD))
40 (12.6)
39 (12.9)
45 (10.8)
40 (12.2)
Height (mean cm (SD))
181 (6.8)
181 (6.9)
180 (6.6)
181 (6.97)
Weight (mean kg (SD))
85 (13.0)
86 (13.7)
87 (11.8)
85 (12.1)
BMI (mean kg/m2 (SD))
26.2 (3.7)
26.2 (3.9)
26.7 (3.6)
25.9 (3.4)
Smokers (%)
38
39
31
41
Sleep deprived (%)
8
8
9
10
Leisure time fitness activity
Medium intensity physical activity
More than 2 hours/week (%)
48
49
37
53
Less than 2 hours/week (%)
52
51
63
47
High intensity physical activity (HIPA)
Performs HIPA (%)
40
39
32
47
Never performs HIPA (%)
60
61
68
53
Vegetable eating habits
Daily (%)
36
38
32
33
Less than daily (%)
64
62
68
67
Units of alcohol per day (Monday to Friday)
Maximum 2 units/day (%)
83
86
80
76
More than 2 units/day (%)
17
14
20
24
Note: SD, standard deviation. Defined as the percentage registering rarely getting sufficient sleep. Bricklayer’s labourers in Danish construction work are workers who make sure bricklayers have all the materials they need and that the work site is ready to work and is clean and tidy and also plan work ahead. This is a very traditional organization of bricklaying.
