Use of Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography to Classify Filling of Alveolar Bone Grafting

Table 1

Literature review of major publications involving description of grading system to assess secondary bone grafting.

First author	Journal	Grading system
Abyholm 1981 [1]	SJPRS	Radiographical measurement of interalveolar septum height as a grading system: type I (height approximately normal), type II (at least 3/4 of normal height), type III (less than 3/4 of normal height), and type IV (failure)
Bergland 1986 [2]	CPJ	Popularized the Oslo grading system, which is described above
Long Jr 1995 [5]	CPCJ	Studied contours of the grafted bone, using ratios. The measurements included the amount of notching of the bone graft, the length of the proximal and distal segment anatomic root, the location of the alveolar crest, and the size of the most coronal attachment of the bone bilaterally
Kindelan 1997 [4]	CPCJ	4-point scale that measured the degree of bony filling in the cleft area when compared to its initial bone graft site. Grade I (more than 75% bony filling), grade II (50 to 75% bony filling), grade III (less than 50% bony filling), and grade IV (no complete bony bridge)
Witherow 2002 [6]	CPCJ	8-point scale to describe position of bone graft after secondary alveolar grafting in relation to the cleft roots. Depending on the positions of the bony bridge across the cleft, the X-rays were classified into one of six groups (A to F). May be used with mixed dentition.
Hynes 2003 [3]	BJPS	Modification for the Oslo grading system using periapical dental X-ray. The occlusal level, the basal level, and the total height of the newly acquired bone in the alveolar cleft were graded using the Oslo system, and the bone graft height was compared with the expected height of normal interdental alveolar bone in corresponding films

Journals: BJPS: British Journal of Plastic Surgery; CPCJ: Cleft and Palate Craniofacial Journal; CPJ: Cleft Palate Journal; SJPRS: Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.