Catastrophic Outcomes in Free Tissue Transfer: A Six-Year Review of the NSQIP Database

Table 3

Population demographics, stratified by catastrophic outcome.

	Catastrophic outcome		No catastrophic outcome			value
	= 122		= 2,227
		%		%
Age (years, mean ± SD)	61.0 ± 14.3		53.9 ± 12.7			0.000
BMI (kg/m^2, mean ± SD)	26.4 ± 6.5		27.9 ± 6.3			0.007
Sex
Male	73	59.8%	598	26.9%		0.000
Female	49	40.2%	1629	73.1%
Race (%)
White	93	76.2%	1639	73.6%
Black	6	4.9%	238	10.7%
Asian	1	0.8%	60	2.7%
Other	22	18.0%	290	13.0%
Clinical characteristics
Active smoker within one year	35	28.7%	371	16.7%		0.001
EtOH > 2 drinks/day in preceding 2 wks	8	6.6%	68	3.1%		0.057
Steroid use	5	4.1%	33	1.5%		0.044
Radiotherapy <90 days	7	5.7%	29	1.3%		0.002
Chemotherapy <30 days	4	3.3%	90	4.0%		1.000
Previous OP <30 days	12	9.8%	109	4.9%		0.016
Comorbidities
Diabetes	24	19.7%	180	8.1%		0.000
Hypertension	66	54.1%	739	33.2%		0.000
Dyspnea	17	13.9%	115	5.2%		0.000
Bleeding disorder	12	9.8%	39	1.8%		0.000
Ventilator dependent status preop	3	2.5%	3	0.1%		0.002
History of severe COPD	7	5.7%	59	2.6%		0.080
Systemic sepsis	8	6.6%	42	1.9%		0.004
Open wound infection	26	21.3%	209	9.4%		0.000
Disseminated cancer	11	9.0%	77	3.5%		0.005
History of cardiac surgery	7	5.7%	32	1.4%		0.003
Peripheral vascular disease	2	1.6%	23	1.0%		0.376
Cerebrovascular disease	13	10.7%	53	2.4%		0.000

denotes significant value, < 0.05.
Fisher’s Exact Test; all others Pearson chi-square.
BMI = body mass index; EtOH = alcohol consumption; OP = operation; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.