Research Article

Diel Behavioral Activity Patterns in Adult Solitarious Desert Locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål)

Table 1

Comparison of overall means ( ± SE) frequencies of walking, scanning, and jumping per insect for locusts caught from field in presence and absence of host plant (Heliotropium sp.) stimulus in photo- and scotophase. 𝑁 = 8 0 insects used for each of the three behaviors.

Behavioral activity (frequency of occurrence/insect)
ScanningJumpingWalking
SexStimuliPhotophaseScotophasePhotophaseScotophasePhotophaseScotophase

MalesNone 2 5 . 7 ± 2 . 4 a 4 7 . 5 ± 3 . 4 a b 4 . 5 ± 1 . 1 a 1 5 . 3 ± 2 . 8 a 2 1 . 8 ± 2 . 3 a 4 3 . 3 ± 2 . 9 a
FemalesNone 2 0 . 5 ± 1 . 6 a b 3 9 . 9 ± 3 . 4 a 1 . 8 ± 0 . 7 b 4 . 4 ± 1 . 4 c 1 6 . 9 ± 1 . 5 b c 3 7 . 0 ± 3 . 0 a b
MalesHost plant 3 0 . 9 ± 4 . 5 a 4 5 . 9 ± 3 . 8 a b 4 . 9 ± 1 . 2 a 2 6 . 2 ± 4 . 3 b 3 7 . 9 ± 5 . 2 b 4 7 . 9 ± 4 . 8 a
FemalesHost plant 2 3 . 2 ± 4 . 3 b 5 2 . 1 ± 4 . 8 b 3 . 9 ± 1 . 1 a b 3 . 4 ± 0 . 7 c 1 5 . 8 ± 2 . 8 c 3 2 . 8 ± 4 . 7 b

Means with the same superscript letter in each column for each behavior are not significantly different (LSD test, 𝑃 < . 0 5 ).