Research Article

Pathology of a Gammabaculovirus in Its Natural Balsam Fir Sawfly (Neodiprion abietis) Host

Table 2

Cytopathic effects due to NeabNPV infection resulting in reduction in the microvillar border and nuclear hypertrophy based on mean values of the proportional surface area of each compared with the area of the affected cells from 0 to 72 hpi. Proportional mean values and standard deviations (SD) were determined for each time point. Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric and Dunn’s multiple comparison tests were performed for each cytopathic effect to obtain a measure of the statistical significance of each trait over the course of infection. All Kruskal-Wallis tests revealed significant differences between the time points with a KW value of 52.74 or greater.

Cytopathic effectsNeabNPV infected N. abietis larvae
Uninfected1 hpi2 hpi5 hpi8 hpi12 hpi24 hpi48 hpi72 hpi

Microvillar reductionMean* 25.45 25.49 25.27 14.94 15.83 18.26 18.15 10.20 15.14
Sample size 84 79 65 68 81 73 66 120 138
SD 0.0717 0.0728 0.0763 0.0363 0.0407 0.0660 0.0532 0.0562 0.0790
Uninfected
1 hpi
2 hpi
5 hpi
8 hpi
12 hpi
24 hpi
48 hpi
72 hpi

Nuclear hypertrophyMean 29.35 28.92 29.54 42.35 42.35 38.15 37.36 43.87 48.70
Sample size 84 79 65 68 81 73 66 120 138
SD 0.1160 0.1073 0.1127 0.1572 0.1572 0.1535 0.1127 0.6447 0.0871
Uninfected
1 hpi
2 hpi
5 hpi
8 hpi
12 hpi
24 hpi
48 hpi
72 hpi

Proportional surface area of the microvillar border compared with the surface area of the entire cell (%).
Proportional surface area of the nucleus compared with the surface area of the entire cell (%).
Dunn’s multiple comparison tests.