The Impact of Variation in Foliar Constituents of Sunflower on Development and Reproduction of Diacrisia casignetum Kollar (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae)

Table 1

Life cycle of D. casignetum reared on young, mature, and senescent sunflower leaves.

Life cycle	Young	Mature	Senescent	F 2,12	P
Larval duration (days)
I	3.16±0.04^a	3.06±0.15^a	3.36±0.05^b	12.131	0.01
II	3.08±0.04^a	3.06±0.01^a	3.28±0.07^b	5.331	0.05
III	3.94±0.09	3.83±0.01	4.05±0.02	3.281	n.s.
IV	3.14±0.07	3.00±0.01^a	3.28±0.07^b	5.297	0.05
V	3.01±0.03	3.00±0.01^a	3.16±0.04^b	6.468	0.05
VI	4.91±0.04	4.847±0.01^a	5.08±0.04^b	8.928	0.01
Total larval duration	21.25±0.11^a	20.81±0.02^b	22.22±0.07^c	81.552	0.0001
Prepupal duration	1.83±0.04	1.76±0.01	1.97±0.02	3.163	n.s.
Pupal duration	9.13±0.05^a	9.00±0.01^a	9.55±0.02^b	46.380	0.0001
Male longevity	4.00±0.04^a	4.01±0.01^a	3.02±0.02^b	318.056	0.0001
Female longevity	4.41±0.17^a	4.66±0.09^a	4.00±0.04^b	10.243	0.01

Mean ± SE of five observations. Within the rows, means followed by different letters are significantly different.