The Impact of Variation in Foliar Constituents of Sunflower on Development and Reproduction of Diacrisia casignetum Kollar (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae)

Table 4

Food utilization efficiency measures of third instar larva of D. casignetum reared on young, mature, and senescent sunflower leaves.

Parameter	Young	Mature	Senescent	F 2,12	P
GR (mg/day)	0.85±0.00^a	0.90±0.01^b	0.78±0.00^c	6.940	0.01
CR (mg/day)	74.81±0.02^a	91.66±0.41^b	72.16±0.02^c	1916.802	0.0001
RGR (mg/day)	0.26±0.00^a	0.24±0.02^b	0.27±0.00^c	139.082	0.0001
CI (mg/day)	21.52±0.12^a	22.66±0.54^ab	23.16±0.14^b	6.282	0.05
AD (%)	56.59±0.02^a	65.52±0.61^b	49.39±0.05^c	515.709	0.0001
ECI (%)	1.20±0.01^a	0.96±0.02^b	1.18±0.01^a	57.141	0.0001
ECD (%)	2.13±0.02^a	1.56±0.02^b	2.40±0.02^c	354.519	0.0001
LS (%)	87.60±2.40	86.27±0.49	84.85±2.84	0.571	n.s.

Mean ± SE of five observations. Within the rows, means followed by different letters are significantly different. Food utilization efficiency measures: GR: growth rate, CR: consumption rate, RGR: relative growth rate, CI: consumption index, AD: approximate digestibility, ECI: efficiency of conversion of ingested food, ECD: efficiency of conversion of digested food, LS: larval survivability.