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Psyche
Volume 2012 (2012), Article ID 813929, 10 pages
doi:10.1155/2012/813929
Parasitoid Guilds of Agrilus Woodborers (Coleoptera: Buprestidae): Their Diversity and Potential for Use in Biological Control
1Beneficial Insects Introduction Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Newark, DE 19713, USA
2Department of Entomology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
3Department of Plant, Soil and Insect Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
Received 29 September 2011; Accepted 2 November 2011
Academic Editor: Arthur G. Appel
Copyright © 2012 Philip B. Taylor et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Literature studies in North America (US and Canada), Europe, and Asia (particularly Russia, China, Japan, and the Korean peninsula) were reviewed to identify parasitoid guilds associated with Agrilus woodborers. There are at least 12 species of hymenopteran parasitoids attacking eggs of Agrilus beetles and 56 species (36 genera), attacking Agrilus larvae infesting various host plants in North America, Asia, and Europe. While most of the egg parasitoids (9 species) belong to the family Encyrtidae, a majority of the larval parasitoids are members of five families: Braconidae (24 species/11 genera), Eulophidae (8 species/4 genera), Ichneumonidae (10 species/9 genera), and Eupelmidae (6 species/5 genera). The highest rate of Agrilus egg parasitism (>50%) was exerted by encyrtid wasps (4 species) in North America, Asia, and Europe. In contrast, the highest rate of Agrilus larval parasitism (>50%) was caused by species in two genera of braconids: Atanycolus (North America) and Spathius (Asia), and one eulophid genus, Tetrastichus (Asia and Europe). Reported rate of Agrilus larval parasitism ichneumonids was frequent in North America, but generally low (<1%). Potential for success in biological control of emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) in the USA with North American native parasitoids and old-association Asian parasitoids is discussed.