A Male Aggregation Pheromone in the Bronze Bug, Thaumastocoris peregrinus (Thaumastocoridae)

Figure 4

Time of permanence of T. peregrinus adults in the stimulus and control arms of the Y-tube olfactometer. Bars show the cumulative time (in 10 min.) that the insects spent in the stimulus arm (black bars) or the control arm (white bars). (a) Response of females and males to volatiles from live males versus control. (b) Response of one- and two-week-old (w/o) males to male volatile extracts versus hexane. (c) Response of one- and two-week-old males to synthetic 3-methylbut-2-enyl butanoate versus hexane. All treatments and controls included 2 leaves of E. tereticornis. Asterisks indicate significance level in Chi-square tests (^∗𝑃<0.05; ^∗∗𝑃<0.01; ^∗∗∗𝑃<0.001).

(a)

(b)

(c)