Bacterial Infections across the Ants: Frequency and Prevalence of Wolbachia, Spiroplasma, and Asaia

Figure 2

Phylogenetic tree of Spiroplasma-related ant symbionts and their closest relatives with sequence data available in GenBank. A maximum likelihood phylogeny of the 16S rRNA region of bacterial symbionts is shown. The host name is given together with the GenBank accession number (GenBank sequences) or collection code (sequences generated in the present study). The branch color refers to the source from which the bacteria were isolated with yellow representing ant hosts, red other insect hosts, blue vertebrates, and green plants. The inner circle refers to the ant subfamily, and the outer circle refers to the continent from which samples were collected. The three largest ant-specific clades of Spiroplasma symbionts are indicated (Clades 1–3). Selenomonas ruminantium was used as an outgroup.