Cognitive Impairment Affects Physical Recovery of Patients with Heart Failure Undergoing Intensive Cardiac Rehabilitation

Table 1

Statistical comparison among baseline variables of subjects of group 1 and group 2.

	Group 1	Group 2
	(MMSE 16–23)	(MMSE 24–30)
	𝑁=43	𝑁=37
Age, y	73.5 ± 13	70.7 ± 11*
M/F	29/14	24/13
BMI (kg/m^2)	27 ± 8	26 ± 4
NYHA class	2.7 ± 0.5	2.2 ± 0.4*
Resting HR, bpm	88 ± 7	76 ± 7*
Systolic BP, mmHg	108 ± 19	107 ± 21
Diastolic BP, mmHg	82 ± 10	80 ± 14
Echography
LVEF	27.4 ± 7	34.9 ± 6*
LVDD	63.1 ± 11	62.6 ± 8
E/A	1.4 ± 0.7	1.4 ± 0.8
E deceleration time	171 ± 23	180 ± 17
Laboratory tests
NT proBNP, pg/mL	302.7 ± 51	223.4 ± 34*
Creatinine, mg/dL	1.9 ± 0.3	1.4 ± 0.5*
GFR, mL/min	34.9 ± 9	50.1 ± 7*
Haemoglobin, g/dL	10.4 ± 3	11.1 ± 4
Comorbidities
Hypertension	29 (67)	24 (65)
Diabetes	21 (48)	12 (32)*
Dislipidemia	17 (39)	15 (40)
COPD	16 (37)	11 (30)
Atrial fibrillation	15 (35)	10 (27)*
Therapy
Beta-blockers	36 (84)	30 (81)
ACE-i/ARBs	39 (91)	36 (97)
Diuretics	34 (79)	27 (73)
Digoxin	9 (21)	6 (28)

∗Intergroup differences 𝑃<0.05.
GFR: glomerular filtration rate.
LVDD: left ventricular diastolic diameter.
LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction.