Balance, Falls-Related Self-Efficacy, and Psychological Factors amongst Older Women with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Preliminary Case-Control Study
Table 1
Subject characteristics.
Controls
CLBP
value
Age
69.4 (6.4)
68.9 (6.6)
.846
Body mass (kg)
67.5 (13.2)
72.2 (10.7)
.289
Height (m)
1.60 (0.06)
1.62 (0.08)
.447
BMI (kg/m2)
26.1 (4.4)
27.4 (3.7)
.390
ODI (%)
0 [0]
15.6 [13.3–24.4]
.000
TSK
33.4 (9.5)
43.8 (5.9)
.001
ABC
93.5 (4.6)
79.5 (17.2)
.005
Pain—low back region
NPS-A
0
2 [1–4]
.000
NPS-W
0
7 [5–7]
.005
Chronic conditions
0.80 (0.77)
1.53 (1.19)
.055
Medications
<4
11
11
.999
4
4
4
Visual acuity
5.9 (1.0)
6.3 (0.9)
.262
Tactile sensitivity
4.1 (0.3)
4.0 (0.5)
.394
Repositioning sense (°)
Trunk AE
1.4 [1.2–3.1]
1.5 [0.9–2.9]
.976
Trunk VE
0.6 [0.5–1.2]
0.4 [0.3–1.8]
.698
Knee AE
3.6 [2.5–5.6]
5.3 [2.9–8.1]
.403
Knee VE
2.6 [0.8–3.8]
2.4 [1.7–5.1]
.283
Data are mean (SD) or median [Inter-quartile range]. ODI: Oswestry disability index; TSK: fear of movement/reinjury; ABC: falls-related self-efficacy; NPS-A: averaged pain level; NPS-W: pain level at its worst; NPS-B: pain level at its best; BMI: body mass index; AE: absolute error; VE: variable error.