[Retracted] Therapeutic Management of the Hallux Rigidus

Table 1

Classification of the Hallux rigidus according to severity [14, 15].

Grade	Clinical findings	Radiological findings
I	Pain at end of passive ROM; Functional limitation without radiographic degradation of articular cartilage	Metatarsus primus elevatus, plantar subluxation of proximal phalanx; no radiographic evidence of DJD
II	Limited passive ROM	Dorsal spurring, subchondral eburnation, sclerosis, periarticular lipping, flattening of firstmetatarsal head, possible development of osteochondral defects
III	Grade II plus joint crepitation and pain with full ROM established joint destruction	Subchondral bone cyst, severe flattening of joint, severe spurring, asymmetrical joint space loss, articular cartilage loss
IV	Grade III plus less than 10° first MTPJ ROM, possible total ankylosis	Obliteration of joint space, intra-articular loose bodies