Research Article
Cognitive Remediation for Individuals with Psychosis in a Supported Education Setting: A Pilot Study
Table 1
Pre-post evaluation of cognitive remediation.
| | Instrument | Pre mean (SD) | Post mean (SD) | | | Effect size |
| | Digit span (WAIS-III) | | | | | | | Forward | 9.25 (2.27) | 9.68 (2.52) | −0.84 | .403 | 0.32 | | Backward | 5.81 (1.76) | 6.44 (1.86) | −1.68 | .093 | 0.63 | | Trail making | | | | | | | Part A | 36.25 (14.41) | 38.00 (19.22) | −0.70 | .485 | −0.19 | | Part B | 109.00 (43.48) | 87.25 (42.21) | −2.05 | .041* | 0.96 | | California verbal learning test | | | | | | | Trial 1 | 5.06 (.93) | 6.06 (1.44) | −2.32 | .021* | 1.04 | | Trial 1–4 | 28.00 (2.45) | 29.93 (3.77) | −2.34 | .019* | 1.16 | | Long delay free recall | 6.81 (1.56) | 7.13 (1.75) | −0.93 | .353 | 0.37 | | Wisconsin card sorting test | | | | | | | % Perseverative errors | 20.31 (14.52) | 15.31 (8.59) | −1.34 | .181 | 0.52 | | % Conceptual level responses | 45.88 (24.75) | 48.50 (25.16) | −0.37 | .711 | 0.22 | | Total categories | 2.13 (1.59) | 2.38 (1.59) | −1.10 | .271 | 0.38 | | Digit vigilance test | | | | | | | Total time | 478.75 (131.31) | 434.00 (96.95) | −2.07 | .023* | 0.64 | | Total errors | 7.67 (7.60) | 5.33 (5.23) | −1.37 | .172 | 0.65 | | Rosenberg self-esteem scale | 17.50 (6.47) | 17.75 (5.70) | −0.21 | .838 | 0.13 | | PANSS (total score) | 56.19 (6.76) | 49.50 (8.73) | −2.28 | .023* | 0.91 |
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; : 16; (effect size strength: 0.20: small; 0.50: moderate; ≥0.80: large; Cohen 1977 [29]).
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