Review Article

The Effects of Antipsychotics on Prolactin Levels and Women’s Menstruation

Table 1

Frequency of antipsychotic induced hyperprolactinaemia and menstrual abnormalities according to different studies.

Antipsychotic agentsPrevalence rates of hyperprolactinaemiaPrevalence rates of menstrual abnormalities

All antipsychotic agents(i) 15%–50% [32]
(ii) 22%–50% [78]
(iii) 15%–97% [33]

All typical antipsychotic agents(i) 33–35% (depot agents) [28, 36]
(ii) 47% [6]
(iii) 68% [28]

Haloperidol72% (2 weeks therapy)—60% (6 weeks therapy), [42](i) 91% [31]
(ii) 17% [44]

Risperidone(i) 72%–100% (oral treatment) (i) 1%–10% (Amenorrhea) [48]
(ii) 53%–67% (intramuscular injection), [1, 14, 49]
(iii) 88% [6]
0%–5% [27, 37](ii) 8%–48% [6]

Clozapine(i) Double rates of risperidone [52, 53]
(ii) No difference [42]
Paliperidone(iii) 68% [49]
(iv) 40% [37]
(v) 28% [28]
(vi) 24% [55]
Olanzapine(i) 0% [49]No symptoms [44]
(ii) 14% [37]
(iii) 22% [28]
<5% [58]

Quetiapine100% [62]

Aripiprazole0% [59]

Amisulpride(i) 41% (amenorrhea) [63]
(ii) No adequate data [65]

Ziprasidone0% [67]

ZotepineNo adequate data [68]