Stem Cell-Based Approaches for the Treatment of Diabetes

Table 1

Summary of approaches used to differentiate embryonic stem cells to insulin-producing cells.

	Origin	Differentiated from	Markers	Ref.
1	Mouse	Embryoid bodies (Hanging Drop Technique)	Pdx, Nkx6.1, insulin, GLUT2, glucokinase, SUR1	[39]
2	Mouse	Embryoid bodies	Nestin, Pdx1, Nkx6.1, Oct4, insulin, glucagon	[28]
3	Mouse	Embryoid bodies (addition of GIP to culture medium)	Nestin, Pdx1; Nkx6.1, Pct4, insulin, glucagon, GLUT2, SUR1, Kir6.2, GLP-1R	[41]
4	Human	Definitive endoderm	GSC, SOX17, FOX2A	[64]
5	Human	Embryoid bodies (use of knock-out serum replacement)	Maf6, Nkx6.1, Isl-1; NeuroD, Pdx-1, GLUT2, insulin, C-peptide	[53]