Improvement of In Vitro Osteogenic Potential through Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Dental Tissue towards Mesenchymal-Like Stem Cells

Figure 3

(a) Real-time quantitative PCR analysis of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), DLX5, RUNX2, BGLAP, and COL1A1 in MSC-like cells from iPS-SHED, MSC-like cells from iPS-FIB and SHED. ACTB, TBP, and HMBS were used as endogenous controls. (b) Alkaline phosphatase activity quantification in cells cultured for 9 days in osteogenic medium. Values represent means +/− SD, (), and (). (c) Alizarin red S staining quantification in cells cultured for 21 days in osteogenic medium. Values represent means +/− SD, (). (d) Real-time quantitative PCR analysis of CD105 in undifferentiated SHED and MSCs from iPS-SHED and from iPS-FIB. ACTB, TBP, and HMBS were used as endogenous controls. Values represent means +/− SD, (). (e) Representative pictures of alizarin red S (after 21 days of in vitro osteoinduction, with 5 and 10x magnification) and von Kossa staining (after 14 and 21 of in vitro osteogenic induction, with 5 and 10x magnification) of mineralized deposits in MSC-like cells from iPS-SHED, MSC-like cells from iPS-FIB and SHED. Basal growth medium free of osteoinduction factors was used in the control group (with 5x magnification).

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