Dual Inhibition of Activin/Nodal/TGF-β and BMP Signaling Pathways by SB431542 and Dorsomorphin Induces Neuronal Differentiation of Human Adipose Derived Stem Cells

Figure 2

hADSCs express neuron-specific enolase upon dual inhibition of activin/nodal/TGF-β and BMP signaling pathways. hADSCs were cultured in BM or BM containing either activin/nodal/TGF-β pathway inhibitor SB or BMP pathway inhibitor DM or both for 14 days. Cells were stained with DAPI ((a)–(d)) or DAPI and anti-enolase antibody followed by Alexa Fluor 594 conjugated anti-rabbit secondary antibody ((e)–(h)). Images were captured under a fluorescent microscope. While addition of SB alone induced enolase expression in 14% of hADSCs, more than 85% of hADSCs expressed enolase upon addition of both SB and DM. Scale bar = 100 μm.

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