Harnessing the Angiogenic Potential of Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for Vascular Regeneration

Table 2

Summary of MSCs-derived exosomes in different studies.

Pathology	Model	Origin	Administration	Therapeutic effect	Reference
Cancer	BALB/c mice; Syngeneic breast cancer model	Murine BMSCs-exosomes	2 × 10^5 4T1 cells mixed with 100 or 200 μg exosomes	↓ expression of VEGF in tumor breast cells; ↓ angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo; ↓ tumor growth in vivo	[15]
Cancer	BALB/c nu/nu mice; Xenogeneic gastric cancer model	BMSCs-exosomes	1 × 10^6 SGC-7901 cells mixed with 200 μg exosomes	↑ expression of VEGF in tumor breast cells; ↑ angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo; ↑ tumor growth in vivo	[17]
Wound healing	Cutaneous wound model in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat	LPS-preconditioned UC-MSCs-exosomes	60 exosomes, injected into the wound edge	↓ inflammatory cell infiltration; ↑ angiogenesis; ↑ cutaneous wound healing	[46]
Stroke	Wistar rats; Middle cerebral artery occlusion	Rat BMSCs-exosomes	100 μg exosomes, intravenous	↑ neurite remodeling; ↑ neurogenesis; ↑ angiogenesis	[47]
Brain injury	Wistar rats; Traumatic brain injury	Rat MSCs-exosomes	100 μg exosomes, intravenous	↑ angiogenesis; ↑ neurogenesis; ↓ inflammation	[48]
CVD	Wistar rats; Acute myocardial infarction	Human BM-MSCs EVs	80 μg EVs, intramyocardial injection	↑ angiogenesis; ↑ migration; ↓ infarct size; ↑ cardiac function	[49]
CVD	Sprague-Dawley rats; Myocardial infarction	Rat BM-MSCs-exosomes	80 μg exosomes, intramyocardial injection	↑ angiogenesis; ↓ inflammation; ↓ infarct size; ↑ cardiac function	[50]
CVD	Sprague-Dawley rats; Acute myocardial infarction	Human UC-MSCs-exosomes	400 μg exosomes, intravenous	↑ angiogenesis; ↑ migration; ↓ apoptosis; ↓ cardiac fibrosis; ↓ infarct size; ↑ cardiac function	[51]
CVD	Sprague-Dawley rats; Myocardial infarction	Rat BM-MSCs overexpressed CXCR4 exosomes	Not specified	↑ angiogenesis; ↓ infarct size; ↑ cardiac function	[18]