Shikonin Induces Glioma Necroptosis, Stemness Decline, and Impedes (Immuno)Proteasome Activity

Figure 8

Shikonin increased the levels of poly-ubiquitinated proteins. Ubiquitin expression levels of (a) U251, (c) U87, and (e) T98G cells, which were treated with increasing concentrations of Shikonin (0, 4, 8, and 12 μM) for 24 hr, were detected by western blot analysis. The quantification of ubiquitin protein levels of (b) U251, (d) U87, and (f) T98G cells was performed. (g) Immunohistochemical staining of ubiquitin of Shikonin-treated glioma subcutaneous implantation model. Data are expressed as mean ± SEMs (n = 3 per group). ()() versus untreated cells.

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