Different Levels of Autophagy Activity in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Are Involved in the Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Table 2
Autophagy modulation on apoptosis and aging in MSCs.
Experimental model
Molecular mechanisms
Autophagy effect on MSCs
References
Cecal ligation and puncture mouse model
Inflammatory microenvironment-induced autophagy inhibits the expression of the prosurvival gene Bcl-2 via suppressing reactive oxygen species/mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/3 pathway
Inhibition of autophagy could turn young MSCs into a relatively aged state by reducing their osteogenic differentiation and proliferation capacity and enhancing their adipogenic differentiation capacity
High glycemic treatment of MSCs increased ROS-mediated autophagy, leading to the formation of Beclin-1, Atg5, Atg7, Atg12, and LC3-II autophagosomes, which induced MSCs aging and local inflammation