Stimulated Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhance the Osteogenesis and Cranial Bone Regeneration through IL-32 Mediated P38 Signaling Pathway

Figure 5

IL-32 promoted the osteogenic differentiation of S-HuMSCs through the MAPK-P38 pathway: (a) expressions of MAPK pathways, as the P38, ERK, and JNK; (b) and (c) protein levels of P-P38 and P38 after the treatment with SB203580; (d) INput and CO-IP assay between the IL-32 and P38; (e) and (f) alkaline phosphatase staining; (g) and (h) alizarin red staining and numbers of mineralized nodules; (i) mRNA expressions of RUNX2, ALP, and DLX5; and (j) and (k) protein levels of RUNX2, ALP, and DLX5. All pooled data were represented as mean ± standard deviation (SD, n = 3/group). , , .

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