Mechanisms for Covalent Immobilization of Horseradish Peroxidase on Ion-Beam-Treated Polyethylene

Table 3

Chemical groups and polymer representatives available for covalent attachment of protein.

Active chemical group	Polymer representative	Is a protein covalently attached?
Methylene, –CH2–	Polyethylene	No
Double carbon bond, –C=C–	Polystyrene	No
Hydroxyl, –OH	Polyvinyl alcohol	No
Ether, C–O	Polyethylene terephtalate	No
Carbonyl, C=O	Polyethylene terephtalate	No
Aldehyde, CH=O	Polyacrolein	No
Carboxyl, –COOH	Polymethacrylic acid	No
Free radical, R•	No known example	?
Combination of all these groups	PIII treatment of polyethylene	Yes