Using Risk Models to Improve Patient Selection for High-Risk Vascular Surgery

Table 3

Previous studies analyzing risk of stroke/death following CEA.

Author	Year	𝑛, study type	Risk factors
Musser et al.	1994	562 patients, single center, retrospective series	AF, emergent operation, PVCs, intraop hypotension, ESRD
Goldstein et al.	1998	1,160 patients, multicenter, retrospective administrative database	Female, age over 75, CHF
Rothwell et al.	1999	2,060 patients, multicenter, prospective trial	Symptomatic status, DM, recent MI; Plaque characteristics
Frawley et al.	2000	1,000 patients, single center retrospective series	Female gender
Kresowik et al.	2001	10,561 patients, retrospective chart review of medicare beneficiaries	Aspirin/ticlopidine use, heparin use, patch angioplasty
Tu et al.	2003	6,038 patients, regional retrospective database	Symptomatic status, AF, contralateral occlusion, CHF, DM
Nicolaides et al.	2005	1,115 patients, prospective clinical trial	Symptomatic status, degree of stenosis, creatinine

AF: atrial fibrillation; MI: myocardial infarction; PVC: premature ventricular contractions; ESRD: end stage renal disease; CHF: congestive heart failure; DM: diabetes mellitus.