Influenza Viral Manipulation of Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling to Modulate Host Defense System
Figure 5
Interaction between SK1 and viruses. (a) SK1 inhibits BVDV replication, whereas SK1 heightens cellular susceptibility to the infection with influenza virus or HCMV. (b) BVDV and DENV decrease SK1 expression/activation, whereas influenza virus, HCMV, and RSV increase SK1 level/activation.
