Scientifica / 2016 / Article / Tab 5 / Research Article
Adverse Childhood Experiences among American Indian/Alaska Native Children: The 2011-2012 National Survey of Children’s Health Table 5 Adjusted odds ratios for sociodemographic characteristics associated with (1) having 2 or more ACEs and (2) having parent-reported emotional/developmental/behavioral problems among AI/AN children 0–17 years of age: National Survey of Children’s Health 2011-2012.
Sociodemographic characteristics Outcome: two or more adverse family experiences Outcome: parent-reported emotional/developmental/behavioral problems Adjusted odds ratio 95% confidence limits Adjusted odds ratio 95% confidence limits Adverse childhood events 2 or more ACEs na na 10.3 3.64–29.3 Less than 2 ACEs na na 1.00 Reference Birth weight Within normal limits 1.00 Reference 1.00 Reference Low/very low birth weight 0.72 0.23–2.25 5.41 1.48–19.8 Child’s gestation Within normal limits 1.56 0.60–4.05 1.00 Reference 3 or more weeks’ premature 1.00 Reference 1.61 0.48–5.37 Child’s gender Male 0.84 0.50–1.41 1.30 0.60–2.81 Female 1.00 Reference 1.00 Reference Child’s age 0–5 years 1.00 Reference 1.00 Reference 6–11 years 4.57 2.23–9.36 1.04 0.42–2.60 12–17 years 8.15 3.55–18.7 1.89 0.66–5.43 Household income (FPL) <100% 1.51 0.51–4.47 1.22 0.33–4.51 100–199% 1.31 0.43–3.94 1.71 0.49–5.94 200–399% 1.09 0.42–2.80 0.66 0.18–2.40 400+% 1.00 Reference 1.00 Reference Family structure Two parents, biological/adopted 1.00 Reference 1.00 Reference Two parents, step family 2.04 0.97–4.32 1.05 0.38–2.90 Single mother, no father present 4.01 2.00–8.03 0.34 0.12–0.94 Other 4.85 1.99–11.8 0.63 0.18–2.16 Mother’s age 30 years or less 1.06 0.41–2.70 0.86 0.21–3.53 31–45 years 1.27 0.63–2.56 1.30 0.46–3.65 >45 years 1.00 Reference 1.00 Reference Highest household education level Less than high school 0.73 0.37–1.47 0.88 0.38–2.90 High school 1.03 0.61–1.78 0.88 0.39–1.96 More than high school 1.00 Reference 1.00 Reference Child’s insurance coverage Public 2.23 1.17–4.26 1.13 0.43–2.95 No coverage 1.89 0.64–5.59 0.91 0.21–3.95 Private 1.00 Reference 1.00 Reference Medical home Has a medical home 1.00 Reference 1.00 Reference Does not have a medical home 1.17 0.70–1.94 2.03 0.86–4.79 Neighborhoods Supportive 1.00 Reference 1.00 Reference Nonsupportive 1.74 1.01–3.00 0.70 0.29–1.68 Metropolitan status Within a MSA 1.00 Reference 1.00 Reference Not within a MSA 0.92 0.56–1.52 0.58 0.26–1.32 AI/AN regions Alaska 1.06 0.56–2.00 1.69 0.68–4.21 East 1.00 Reference 1.00 Reference Northern Plains 2.18 1.21–3.94 0.76 0.31–1.85 Pacific Coast 1.49 0.58–3.85 1.95 0.51–7.53 Southwest 1.26 0.63–2.53 0.69 0.24–1.98 Wald 96.5 <0.0001 46.6 0.005 0.85 0.49
