A Comprehensive Exploration of the Fatty Acids Profile, Cholesterol, and Tocopherols Levels in Liver from Laying Hens Fed Diets Containing Nonindustrial Hemp Seed

Table 4

Effect of dietary hemp seed on health-related lipid indices of the liver of studied laying hens.

Items	Group				SEM	value
	Control	HS-10	HS-20	HS-30
SI	0.389^a	0.361^b	0.309^c	0.305^c	0.004	<0.001
DFA	75.73^a	77.1^b	80.75^c	80.48^c	0.21	<0.001
AI	0.638^a	0.599^ab	0.628^ab	0.589^b	0.030	0.001
TI	1.021^a	0.853^bc	0.834^bc	0.781^c	0.017	<0.001
OS	1150.8^a	1386.9^b	1329.9^c	1478.3^d	1.36	<0.001
hH	2.119^a	2.313^b	2.485^c	2.579^c	0.028	<0.001
HSFA	23.94^a	22.65^b	18.97^c	19.26^c	0.199	<0.001
NVI	1.788^a	1.765^a	2.145^b	2.036^c	0.014	<0.001

SI, saturation indices; DFA, desirable fatty acids; AI, atherogenicity indices; TI, thrombogenicity indices; OS, oxidative susceptibility; hH, hypo/hypercholesterolemic; HSFA, hypercholesterolemic saturated fatty acids; NVI, nutritive value indices; SEM, standard error of the mean, significance. ^abcdMean marked with a different superscript letter within each row are significantly different.