Survey of Attack Graph Analysis Methods from the Perspective of Data and Knowledge Processing

Table 4

Comparison of attack graph analysis methods.

Analysis method	Advantage	Disadvantage	Calculation tasks	Complexity	Scalability
Graph algorithm	Intuitive, portable	Insufficient combination with exploit utilization	Identify the most likely path and high-risk node, predict attack behavior	O(n^2)	Strong
Bayesian network	Flexible, easy to train	Complicated analytical calculations	Analyze vulnerability, identify high-risk nodes, network hardening, and predict attack behavior	O(n^2)	General
Markov model	Easy to train, better prediction	More restrictions	Identify the most likely paths, identify high-risk nodes, network hardening, and predict attack behavior	O(n^2)	General
Cost optimization algorithm
Game theory	Strong portability	Slight discrepancy with actual results	Network hardening, predict attack behavior	O(n^2)	General
Cost minimization algorithm	Strong portability	Limited application, difficult model selection	Network hardening, predict attack behavior	O(n)	Strong
Uncertainty algorithm	Solved problems that other algorithms cannot solve	Limited application areas	Analyze vulnerability, identify high-risk nodes	—	Strong