Lightweight Privacy Preservation for Securing Large-Scale Database-Driven Cognitive Radio Networks with Location Verification

Table 1

Notations in the protocol.

Notation	Description
	Concatenation symbol
	Identity of entity U
	The pseudo-ID of entity U
	The number of BSs
	The number of SUs
	The public key of entity U
	The secret key of entity U
	Encryption of message m using key of entity U
	Message authentication code of message m using key of entity U
	The reputation value of entity U
	The location of entity U
	The time stamp
	A channel list
	An available channel
	The session key between entity and
	A random number
	A secure hash function