The mean DSL was shorter in patients with hallucinations compared to the control group (8 ± 1 versus 11 ± 1 min). The presence of SOREMPs was higher in patients with hallucinations (1,9 ± 1,5 versus 0,4 ± 1).
Population-based (cross-sectional)/: 6 (sudden onset of sleep)
MSLT
The mean DSL was 9.4 ± 3.2 minutes, and four (66.7%) had latency <10 minutes. Daytime sleepiness was primarily a result of the disruption of nocturnal sleep.
The mean DSL was 6.3 ± 0.6 minutes. Latency was less than 5 minutes in 27 patients (50%). Twenty-one patients (39% of the group) met the polysomnographic criterion used to define narcolepsy (i.e., two or more SOREMPs). The daytime sleep latency was shorter in the narcolepsy-like group (4.6 ± 0.9 minutes) than in the nonnarcolepsy-like group (7.4 ± 0.7 minutes, ). There was no correlation between the DSL and age, disease duration, H&Y staging, UPDRS, and AHI. There was no correlation between the DSL and daily dose of dopamine agonists (, ) or LDE (, ). There was a weak positive correlation between the latency and daily dose of levodopa (, ).
Population-based (cross-sectional)/: 24 (Sudden onset of sleep: 16/without sudden onset of sleep: 8)
MSLT
The mean DSL was 7.2 ± 5.1 minutes in the group with sudden onset of sleep and 8.7 ± 4.8 minutes in the group without sudden onset of sleep (). Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) was observed in 42% of patients. There was no significant difference between the three types of dopamine agonists (pergolide, pramipexole, and ropinirole) compared to daytime sleep latencies.
There was no difference between DSL among patients with accurate perception of naps (28/55%) and patients with false perception of naps (23/45%) (6.0 ± 0.5 versus 7.1 versus 0.7 min, resp., = n.s.).
The mean DSL of PD patients was 4.0 ± 2.5 minutes and seven patients had latency <5 minutes. Only two (14%) patients had SOREMPs, and one met criteria for narcolepsy. There was no association between the levels of hypocretin and daytime sleep latency. The sleep-related breathing disorders contributed to sleepiness in patients with parkinsonism.
The mean DSL in the group using modafenil was initially 6.4 ± 5.1 minutes and after 4.9 ± 3.6 minutes. In the group receiving placebo, daytime sleep latency was initially 4.5 ± 3.9 minutes and after 4.1 ± 3.4 minutes. MSLT results were not significantly different although the scores worsened less with modafinil (−0.16 ± 3.59 minutes) than with placebo (−0.70 ± 3.28 minutes) ().
The mean DSL was 10 ± 5.5 minutes. During the nap, 10 parkinsonian patients (3/5 patients with unintended sleep episodes) presented ≥2 SOREMPs. Patients with ≥2 SOREMPs have significantly lower MSLT results compared with patients with ≤1 SOREMPs (5 ± 3 versus 12 ± 5 min, resp.). No correlation was found between MSLT and sleep data.
The mean DSL in ropinirole immediate-release group was 7.4 ± 4 minutes and ropinirole prolonged-release group was 7 ± 6 minutes. There were no differences in the mean sleep latency according to MSLT. No SOREMPs were recorded.
