Application of Mild Therapeutic Hypothermia on Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Observational studies (no intervention) of admission body temperature and mortality rate after acute stroke.

Reference	Study design	Patients/groups	Stroke severity	Mortality rate
[7]	Prospective Single-center	390 acute stroke patients	Reduced body temperature predicted better clinical outcome	Mortality was lower in patients with mild hypothermia on admission
[9]	Retrospective Single-center	437 patients; 185 hypothermic BT ≤36.5°C versus 199 normothermic 36.5°C>BT<37.5°C (and 53 hyperthermic)	NR	0.1 odds ratio in-hospital mortality (𝑃=0.004); 0.8 odds ratio at 12 months mortality (𝑃=0.454, NS)
[5]	Prospective Single-center	390 acute stroke patients; 179 hypothermic BT ≤37°C versus 211 hyperthermic BT >37°C	−21%(𝑃<0.001) Assessed by SSS	−28% at 3 months (𝑃<0.001); −54% at 60 months (𝑃<0.006)
[8]	Prospective Single-center	100 acute ischemic stroke patients	NR	Mortality was higher in hyperthermic (>37.5°C) patients and lower in hypothermic patients (<36.5°C) than those with regular temperature; 0/8 hypothermic, 17/30 hyperthermic versus 6/62 normothemic patients died

BT: body temperature; NR: not reported; NS: not statistically significant; SSS: Scandinavian Stroke Scale.