Cardiopulmonary Response to Exercise Testing in People with Chronic Stroke: A Retrospective Study

Table 1

Participant demographics.

Characteristics n = 62	Group mean (SD)^‡	Males	Females
Sex: male		32	30
Age (years)	62.0 (12.0)	68.0 (10.5)	55.0 (11.9)*
Height (m)	1.7 (0.09)	1.8 (0.05)	1.6 (0.05)*
Weight (kg)	87.7 (18.0)	92.5 (14.8)	82.5 (19.9)
Body mass index	29.3 (5.4)	28.5 (4.2)	30.2 (6.5)
Race/ethnicity
African American	11	2	9
Caucasian	46	28	18
Hispanic	4	2	2
Native American	1	0	1
Stroke characteristics
Time (months) after stroke	61.0 (50.0)	62.9 (35.9)	57.9 (61.2)
Right side weakness	31	19	12
Bilateral deficits	1	1	0
LE Fugl-Meyer score	23.3 (7.2)	24.7 (6.3)	21.8 (7.8)
Comorbidities for cardiac risk
Type 2 diabetes mellitus	21	12	9
Current smoker	0	0	0
Overweight (BMI 25.0–29.9) [24]	25	27.5 (1.5)	27.6 (1.6)
Obese (BMI 30.0 to > 40) [24]	27	33.0 (1.7)	34.2 (4.6)
Medications:
high blood pressure	40	20	20
beta blockers	21	9	12
calcium channel blockers	15	5	10
ACE inhibitors	30	16	14
hyperlipidemia	17	9	8

^‡Data are “n” participants of 62 unless indicated by group mean (SD).