Combining rTMS and Task-Oriented Training in the Rehabilitation of the Arm after Stroke: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Table 3
Within and between-group comparisons for measures of motor impairment and capacity at baseline, postintervention, and follow-up evaluations.
TEST
Within group real-rTMS Mean age = 70
Within group sham-rTMS Mean age = 60
Between group
Post-
FU
Post-
FU
Postintervention
FU
ES (95% CI)
ES (95% CI)
ES (95% CI)
ES (95% CI)
ES (95% CI)
ES (95% CI)
BBT affected
0.49* (−0.08–1.06)
0.05 (−0.72–0.8)
0.98* (0.28–1.69)
0.37* (0.08–0.66)
0.00 (−0.51–0.51)
0.02 (−0.76–0.81)
Grip strength
0.15 (−0.24–0.53)
0.24 (−0.16–0.61)
−0.10 (−0.23–0.03)
−0.30 (−0.61–0.01)
−0.09 (−0.48−0.29)
−0.18 (−0.59–0.22)
Pinch strength
0.51* (0.09–0.94)
0.66* (0.13–1.19)
0.54* (0.12–0.97)
0.05 (−0.17–0.27)
−0.01 (−0.28–0.26)
−0.23 (−0.52–0.07)
SIS
0.78* (0.08–1.49)
−0.06 (−0.48–0.36)
0.93* (0.26–1.60)
0.15 (−0.11–0.41)
−0.38 (−1.00–0.24)
0.08 (−0.40–0.56)
SIS participation
0.08 (−0.23–0.38)
−0.05 (−1.25–1.15)
0.71* (0.07–1.36)
0.38* (−0.06–0.82)
0.35 (−0.22–0.93)
0.22 (−1.03–1.47)
WMFT functional
1.18* (0.23–2.14)
0.93* (0.17–1.69)
1.63* (0.50–2.76)
1.06* (0.30–1.81)
0.13 (−0.20–0.47)
0.34 (−0.13–0.80)
WMFT time
−0.72 (−1.33–0.12)
0.41 (0.05–0.77)
0.00 (−1.09–1.09)
−0.41 (−1.55–0.70)
0.24 (−0.88–1.36)
−0.82 (−2.01–0.37)
MAL quality
−0.30 (−0.96–0.35)
0.02 (−0.86–0.91)
1.20* (0.30–2.10)
1.46* (0.41–2.51)
0.67 (−0.11–1.45)
0.46 (−0.52–1.45)
FU: followup. ES: effect size. SD: standard deviation. BBT: Box and Blocks Test. SIS: Stroke Impact Scale. WMFT: Wolf Motor Function Test. MAL: Motor Activity Log.
*Indicates statistically significant ES.
