The Cog-4 Subset of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale as a Measure of Cognition: Relationship with Baseline Factors and Functional Outcome after Stroke Using Data from the Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive

Table 4

Univariate relationships between Cog-4 and baseline variables and day 90 functional outcome. Association by Spearman’s rank correlation for continuous variables and Somer’s 𝐷 for categorical variables. Patients who died were assigned a score of 10 on the Cog-4 in the analysis with death included.

	Without	Death	With	Death
	𝑟𝑠	2𝑃	𝑟𝑠	2𝑃
Baseline
Age	0.139	<0.001^†	0.254	<0.001^†
Sex, female	0.035	0.004	0.032	0.005
Atrial fibrillation	0.133	<0.001	0.210	<0.001
Diabetes mellitus	0.011	0.447	0.053	<0.001
Hypertension	0.030	0.019	0.045	<0.001
Previous stroke or TIA	0.034	0.015^†	0.075	<0.001^†
History of smoking	0.056	0.006	−0.149	<0.001
Stroke severity (NIHSS)	0.503	<0.001^†	0.505	<0.001^†
Stroke type (IS, PICH)	0.044	0.288	0.141	<0.001
Left hemisphere stroke	0.206	<0.001	0.017	<0.001
Functional outcomes
Modified Rankin Scale	0.512	<0.001	0.772	<0.001
Barthel Index	−0.493	<0.001	−0.766	<0.001

†Significant on multiple variable analysis.
IS: ischaemic stroke; PICH: primary intracerebral haemorrhage.
2𝑃: 2-sided 𝑃 value.
𝑟_𝑠: correlation coefficient.