Valve Fault Diagnosis in Internal Combustion Engines Using Acoustic Emission and Artificial Neural Network

Table 1

Output condition meaning.

Node number	Valve fault type
O1	Cylinder 4, healthy valves, no leakage at zero valve lift
O2	Cylinder 1, semicracked exhaust valve
O3	Cylinder 2, semicracked intake valve
O4	Cylinder 3, notched exhaust valve
O5	Cylinder 4, valve clearance, exhaust valve lift
O6	Cylinder 4, valve clearance, intake valve lift