Research Article

Viability Analysis of Waste Tires as Material for Rail Vibration and Noise Control in Modern Tram Track Systems

Figure 4

Modern tram track system with and without WTDCEs.
(a) Arrangement of the excitation point
(b) Arrangement of the vibration pick-up points of the standard grooved rail
(c) System with WTDCEs
(d) System without WTDCEs