The Effect of Rail Fastening System Modifications on Tram Traffic Noise and Vibration

<table class="figure-group"><tr class="fig-image" id="a"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/sv/volume-2016/4671302/figures/4671302.fig.001a.svgz" name="4671302.fig.001a" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(a) </b>ZG 3/2 fastening system</td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="b"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/sv/volume-2016/4671302/figures/4671302.fig.001b.svgz" name="4671302.fig.001b" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(b) </b>PPE fastening system</td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="c"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/sv/volume-2016/4671302/figures/4671302.fig.001c.svgz" name="4671302.fig.001c" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(c) </b>DEPP fastening system</td></tr></table>

<div>Schematic cross sections of rail discrete bearings with ZG-3/2, PPE, and DEPP fastening systems.</div>

Shock and Vibration

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Figure 1

Figure 1: The Effect of Rail Fastening System Modifications on Tram Traffic Noise and Vibration 