Thromboembolic Prophylaxis in Total Joint Arthroplasty

Box 1

Risk factors for venous thromboembolism from the American College of Chest Physicians.

Surgery

Trauma (major trauma or lower-extremity injury)

Immobility, lower-extremity paresis

Cancer (active or occult)

Cancer therapy (hormonal, chemotherapy, angiogenesis inhibitors, radiotherapy)

Venous compression (tumor, hematoma, arterial abnormality)

Previous VTE

Increasing age

Pregnancy and the postpartum period

Estrogen-containing oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy

Selective estrogen receptor modulators

Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents

Acute medical illness

Inflammatory bowel disease

Nephrotic syndrome

Myeloproliferative disorders

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

Obesity

Central venous catheterization

Inherited or acquired thrombophilia