Clinical Study
Correlates of Delayed Diagnosis among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Pulmonary Tuberculosis Suspects in a Rural HIV Clinic, South Africa
Table 3
Comparison of sociodemographic and clinical factors of participants with TB diagnosis delay.
| Characteristic | Diagnosis delay number (%) | No delay number (%) | value |
| Patient age | | | | 18 to 40 years | 33 (42.9) | 54 (64.3) | 0.006** | >40 years | 44 (57.1) | 30 (35.7) | Sex | | | | Female | 49 (62.9) | 58 (69.0) | 0.403 | Male | 29 (37.1) | 26 (31.0) | Marital status | | | | Divorced | 13 (16.9) | 13 (15.4) | 0.592 | Married | 25 (32.5) | 21 (25.0) | Never married | 27 (35.1) | 38 (45.2) | Widowed | 12 (15.5) | 12 (14.3) | Occupation status | | | | Salaried worker | 9 (11.7) | 7 (8.3) | 0.538 | Unemployed and willing to work | 21 (27.3) | 29 (34.5) | Unemployed and not willing to work | 47 (61.0) | 48 (57.2) | | Smoke cigarette | | | | No | 57 (74.0) | 66 (78.6) | 0.410 | Yes | 20 (26.0) | 18 (21.4) | Alcohol drinking | | | | No | 57 (74.0) | 65 (79.3) | 0.434 | Yes | 20 (26.0) | 17 (20.7) | Education level | | | | No education | 16 (20.8) | 14 (16.7) | 0.320 | Primary | 37 (48.0) | 33 (39.2) | Secondary | 23 (29.9) | 33 (39.3) | Tertiary | 1 (1.3) | 4 (4.8) | Main material walls of house | | | | Block cement | 38 (49.3) | 47 (56.0) | 0.377 | Brick | 19 (24.7) | 22 (26.1) | Mud | 20 (26.0) | 15 (17.9) | Method of TB diagnosis | | | | Clinical history and CXR | 19 (24.7) | 19 (22.9) | 0.025** | Sputum AFB | 12 (15.6) | 28 (33.7) | Sputum culture | 46 (59.7) | 36 (43.4) | WHO-HIV clinical stage | | | | 1 | 2 (3.6) | 2 (2.9) | 1.000 | 2 | 9 (16.4) | 16 (23.5) | 3 | 42 (76.4) | 44 (64.8) | 4 | 2 (3.6) | 6 (8.8) | CD4 count (cells/mm3) | | | | <50 | 4 (6.9) | 1 (1.8) | 0.193 | 50–200 | 15 (25.9) | 10 (17.9) | >200 | 39 (67.2) | 45 (80.3) | Viral load (copies/mL) | | | | ≤400 | 31 (60.8) | 39 (81.3) | 0.025** | >400 | 20 (39.2) | 9 (18.7) | BMI (Kg/m2) | | | | Underweight | 16 (25.4) | 15 (22.4) | 0.828 | Normal weight | 34 (53.9) | 38 (56.7) | Overweight | 12 (19.0) | 11 (16.4) | Obese | 1 (1.5) | 3 (4.5) | ART use at PTB diagnosis | | | | No | 38 (50.0) | 62 (77.5) | ≤0.001** | Yes | 38 (50.0) | 18 (22.5) | TB treatment outcome | | | | Completed treatment | 41 (52.5) | 45 (53.6) | 0.640 | Died | 7 (9.1) | 7 (8.3) | Lost to follow up | 14 (17.9) | 20 (23.8) | Still on treatment | 16 (20.5) | 12 (14.3) |
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** value ≤ 0.05.
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