Clinical Study
Correlates of Delayed Diagnosis among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Pulmonary Tuberculosis Suspects in a Rural HIV Clinic, South Africa
Table 4
Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.
| Characteristic | Univariate HR (95% CI) | -value | Multivariate HR (95% CI) | value |
| Patient age | | | | | 18 to 40 years | 1 | | 1 | | >40 years | 1.8 (0.53–1.32) | 0.05 | 1.57 (0.25–0.90) | 0.02 | Sex | | | | | Female | 1 | | | | Male | 1.26 (0.79–2.03) | 0.33 | — | — | Education level | | | | | No education | 1 | | | | Primary | 2.62 (1.28–5.34) | 0.25 | | | Secondary | 7.09 (0.87–7.56) | 0.17 | | | Tertiary | 1.54 (0.79–2.95) | 0.19 | | | Method of TB diagnosis | | | | | History and CXR | 1 | | | | Smear positive | 0.83 (0.48–2.14) | 0.95 | — | — | Sputum culture positive | 2.09 (1.19–3.65) | 0.09 | | | Viral load (copies/mL) | | | | | <400 | 1 | | 1 | | >400 | 2.3 (0.87–1.56) | 0.07 | 1.89 (0.74–1.63) | 0.06 | CD4 Count (cells/mm3) | | | | | <50 | 1 | | | | 50–200 | 0.56 (0.18–1.72) | 0.31 | — | — | >200 | 0.64 (0.20–1.64) | 0.42 | | | ART use at PTB diagnosis | | | | | No | 1 | | 1 | | Yes | 0.82 (1.05–1.3) | 0.04 | 0.49 (0.36–0.97) | 0.04 | TB treatment outcome | | | | | Completed treatment | 1 | | | | Died | 2.42 (1.07–5.47) | 0.03 | — | — | Lost to follow-up | 0.92 (0.49–1.73) | 0.81 | | | Still on treatment | 0.79 (0.43–1.46) | 0.45 | | |
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HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval.
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