Clinical Study

Mycobacterial Etiology of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Association with HIV Infection and Multidrug Resistance in Northern Nigeria

Table 2

Multivariable logistic regression analysis for the risk factors of MTB complex infection among participants receiving care at two TB treatment sites in northern Nigeria.

VariablesUnadjustedAdjusted
OR95% CIAORa95% CI

Age
35 years1Ref
35 years1.97[1.53–2.55]2.03[1.56–2.65]
Sex
 Female1Ref
 Male1.78[1.39–2.29]1.87[1.42–2.46]
BMI
19.21Ref
19.21.93[1.50–2.48]1.85[1.42–2.40]
HIV
 Negative1Ref
 Positive1.43[1.08–1.89]1.43[1.06–1.92]
Cigarette smoking
 Never smoke1Ref
 Current/ever smoke1.92[1.44–2.55]1.58[1.16–2.16]
Site
 BDH Kaduna1Ref
 NTBLTC Zaria0.65[0.46–0.92]0.57[0.40–0.83]

Reference group; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; AOR: adjusted odds ratio.
aAdjusted for level of education, ethnicity, livestock faming, and alcohol intake.
BMI: body mass index; BDH: Barau Dikko Hospital.
NTBLTC: National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Training Centre.