Factors Associated with Participation in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Screening Using Chest X-Ray among Diabetes Mellitus Type II Patients in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia

Table 3

Analysis of factors influencing participation in pulmonary TB screening among DM type II patients, Denpasar, January–March 2016.

Variable	Bivariable analysis			Multivariable analysis
	CPR	95% CI PR	value	APR	95% CI PR	value
Age
≤45 years old	1.03	0.59–1.78	0.920
>45 years old	Ref
Sex
Male	1.03	0.76–1.40	0.826
Female	Ref
Educational level
Higher educational level	1.47	1.08–1.99	0.014	1.34	1.07–1.67	0.009
Lower educational level	Ref			Ref
Employment status
Employed	1.19	0.85–1.65	0.304
Unemployed	Ref
Per capita income
≤poverty line	1.14	0.75–1.72	0.534
>poverty line	Ref
History of suffering TB
Yes	1.11	0.58–2.09	0.758
No	Ref
Family history of suffering TB
Yes	1.36	0.89–2.09	0.153	1.47	1.12–1.93	0.006
No	Ref			Ref
Distance to referral hospital
≤5 kms	1.65	1.88–2.28	0.003
>5 kms	Ref
Travel time to referral hospital
≤15 minutes	1.73	1.26–2.39	0.001	1.6	1.26–2,03	<0.001
>15 minutes	Ref			Ref
Type of health care financing
Health insurance	3.24	1.19–8.72	0.02	2.69	1.10–6.56	0.029
Out of pocket	Ref			Ref
Knowledge
Good	1.39	0.95–2.01	0.086
Poor	Ref
Attitude
Positive	1.15	0.84–1.56	0.389
Negative	Ref
Support from health provider
Good	1.49	1.08–2.04	0.015	1.35	1.06–1.70	0.013
Poor	Ref			Ref

TB: tuberculosis, kms: kilometres, CPR: crude prevalence ratio, APR: adjusted prevalence ratio, and CI: confidence interval.