Cost of Tuberculosis Care in Programmatic Settings from Karnataka, India: Is It Catastrophic for the Patients?
Table 3
Direct and indirect costs incurred during prediagnostic periods in the three selected urban TB units of Karnataka, India (2017-2018).
Variables
Median (range) in INR
Davangere (n1 = 79)
Belagavi (n2 = 90)
Bengaluru (n3 = 45)
Total (n = 214)
Prediagnostic & diagnostic cost
2200 (400-15000)
2000 (500-10000)
5600 (500-82500)
3800 (400-82500)
(a) Direct cost: medical
1500 (0-7000)
900 (0-5000)
1500 (0-70000)
5000 (0-70000)
Administrative cost
200 (0-500)
200 (0-650)
300 (0-20000)
200 (0-20000)
Laboratory investigations¥
400 (0-5000)
450 (0-4000)
800 (0-50000)
500 (0-50000)
Non-TB drug cost§
450 (0-850)
500 (0-900)
0 (0-10000)
2000 (0-10000)
(b) Direct cost: nonmedical
1900 (0-8000)
1300 (0-4500)
1200 (0-15000)
3000 (0-15000)
Transport
350 (0-550)
300 (0-650)
480 (0-5000)
440 (0-5000)
Food
180 (0-600)
200 (0-400)
300 (0-2500)
250 (0-2500)
Accommodation§
0 (0-1000)
0 (0-900)
0 (0-5000)
800 (0-5000)
Guardian cost
200 (0-450)
200 (0-450)
600 (0-4000)
400 (0-4000)
(c) Indirect
200 (0-500)
150 (0-600)
200 (0-800)
300 (0-800)
§As majority had zero cost, median cost is zero. ¥Sputum, X-ray, CT scan, magnetic resonance imaging, fine needle aspiration cytology, ultrasound-guided biopsy, and bronchoalveolar lavage.
