Nanoexposure, Unusual Diseases, and New Health and Safety Concerns

Figure 1

Potential translocation pathways of nanoparticles and the potential damage. Nanosilica and nanosilicates in the coatings may air in the workplace when sprayed, heated, and dried, then they deposit in the pulmonary alveoli when inhaled into the pulmonary respiratory tract, be taken up by macrophages, cross the lung epithelium, enter the pulmonary interstitial tissue, blood, and lymph, finally reach extrapulmonary organs, and result in multiorgan toxicities.