Toxicity of Metals to a Freshwater Snail, Melanoides tuberculata

Table 3

Comparison of LC₅₀ values of freshwater gastropod M. tuberculata with other freshwater mollusc.

Metal	Species	Water hardness (mg L^−1)	Live stage	Test duration	LC50 (mg L^−1)	Reference
Copper	M. tuberculata	18.7	Adult	96 h	0.14	This study
	M. tuberculata			48 h	3.6	[16]
	M. tuberculata		Juvenile	24 h	0.2	[15]
	B. glabrata	44	Adult	48 h	0.18	[19]
	F. virens	21	Adult	96 h	0.08	[20]
	J. plicifera	21	Adult	96 h	0.015	[20]
	B. glabrata	100	—	96 h	0.04	[21]
	P. paludosa	68	60 d	96 h	0.14	[22]
	P. jenkinsi	—	Adult	96 h	0.08	[23]
Cadmium	M. tuberculata	18.7	Adult	96 h	1.49	This study
	Amnicola sp.	50	Adult	96 h	8.4	[24]
	P. fontinalis	—	—	96 h	0.08	[25]
	A. hypnorum	45	Adult	96 h	0.09	[26]
	B. glabrata	100	—	96 h	0.3	[21]
	V. bengalensis	180	—	96 h	1.2	[27]
	L. luteola	195	Adult	96 h	1.5	[28]
Zinc	M. tuberculata	18.7	Adult	96 h	3.90	This study
	P. gyrina	36	Adult	96 h	1.27	[20]
	L. acuminata	375	—	96 h	10.49	[29]
	L. luteola	195	Adult	96 h	11.0	[30]
	V. bengalensis	180	—	96 h	0.64	[27]
	P. heterostropha	20	Adult	96 h	1.11	[31]
	P. heterostropha	100	Adult	96 h	3.16	[31]
Lead	M. tuberculata	18.7	Adult	96 h	6.82	This study
	L. emarginata	150	—	48 h	14.0	[32]
	E. livescens	150	—	48 h	71.0	[32]
	Filopaludina sp.	—	Adult	96 h	190	[33]
	V. bengalensis	165	—	96 h	2.54	[34]
	A. hypnorum	60.9	—	96 h	1.34	[35]
Nickel	M. tuberculata	18.7	Adult	96 h	8.46	This study
	Amnicola sp.	50	Adult	96 h	14.3	[24]
	J. plicifera	59	Adult	96 h	0.24	[20]
	L. luteola	195	Adult	96 h	1.43	[28]
	V. bengalensis	180	—	96 h	9.92	[27]
	L. acuminata	375	—	96 h	2.78	[29]
Iron	M. tuberculata	18.7	Adult	96 h	8.49	This study
	P. gyrina	109	—	96 h	12.09	[36]
	Planorbarius sp.	—	—	48 h	7.32	[37]
	S. libertina	—	—	48 h	76.0	[38]
Aluminium	M. tuberculata	18.7	Adult	96 h	68.23	This study
	Physa sp.	47	—	96 h	55.5	[39]
	A. limosa	PH 3.5	—	96 h	1.0	[40]
	A. limosa	PH 4.5	—	96 h	0.40	[40]
Manganese	M. tuberculata	18.7	Adult	96 h	45.59	This study
	B. globosus	53	—	96 h	100.0	[41]