Simple Syllabic Calls Accompany Discrete Behavior Patterns in Captive <i>Pteronotus parnellii</i>: An Illustration of the Motivation-Structure Hypothesis

<table>Association of social and vocal behavior in mustached bats.  Left column shows sketches of common postures (left panel) and bar graphs (right column) to show the relative occurrence of different vocalizations associated with each behavior pattern.  The middle panel shows amplitude envelopes (above) and spectrograms (below) of simple syllabic calls associated with each behavior.  (a) Yawning.  (b) Nipping.  (c) Two bats flicking their wings at each other.  Abbreviations: Freq. = frequency; V = volts.</table>

The Scientific World Journal

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Figure 4: Simple Syllabic Calls Accompany Discrete Behavior Patterns in Captive <i>Pteronotus parnellii</i>: An Illustration of the Motivation-Structure Hypothesis 

Figure 4 | Simple Syllabic Calls Accompany Discrete Behavior Patterns in Captive Pteronotus parnellii: An Illustration of the Motivation-Structure Hypothesis 