A Chinese Chan-Based Mind-Body Intervention Improves Sleep on Patients with Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 4

Sleep onset latency (minutes) at pre- and post-treatment.

	Pre-treatment	Post-treatment	Post minus Pre Difference	t	𝑃	Effect size
Whole group
WL (𝑛=15)	44.33 (60.08)	57.83 (41.74)	13.50 (59.96)	−0.87	0.20	0.23
CBT (𝑛=16)	28.28 (20.40)	30.41 (23.52)	2.13 (20.73)	−0.41	0.34	0.10
DMBI (𝑛=16)	48.28 (46.25)	38.47 (38.81)	−9.81 (21.25)	1.85	0.04*	0.46^+
Subgroup
WL (𝑛=4)	67.50 (15.00)	90.00 (24.50)	22.50 (28.72)	−1.57	0.11	0.78^++
CBT (𝑛=5)	53.00 (9.75)	40.00 (18.71)	−13.00 (13.04)	2.23	0.05*	1.00^++
DMBI (𝑛=6)	97.50 (39.97)	80.00 (30.98)	−17.50 (30.62)	1.40	0.11	0.57^+

Note. WL: waitlist control; CBT: cognitive-behavioural therapy; DMBI: Dejian mind-body intervention. Subgroup included participants who took >30 minutes to fall asleep at baseline. Standard deviations are in parentheses. *𝑃<0.05, ⁺medium effect size, ⁺⁺large effect size